A breast biopsy is a procedure to remove a small sample of breast tissue for examination under a microscope. It is the only definitive way to evaluate suspicious lumps or abnormalities found during a routine exam or imaging tests like mammograms. A breast cancer doctor in Kolkata usually suggests this diagnostic procedure if the patients have the concerned risk factors, such as a prior family history of cancer, radiation exposure and so on. 

Why a Biopsy is Performed?

You might be recommended a biopsy if you have symptoms like a palpable lump, nipple discharge, or skin changes on the breast. It is also used to evaluate abnormal results from screening mammograms, breast MRIs or ultrasounds that may indicate early cancer or precancerous cells. Some common findings that warrant a biopsy include a suspicious mass, clustered micro-calcifications, or areas of anatomical distortion on a mammogram.

Types of Breast Biopsies:

There are several approaches to breast biopsies as conducted by a breast cancer surgeon: 

  • Fine needle aspiration deploys a thin needle to extract fluid or cells from the suspicious area. It is a relatively quick office procedure.
  • Core needle biopsy removes a small cylindrical sample of tissue using a hollow needle. This is now the most common biopsy technique.
  • Vacuum-assisted biopsy uses suction to collect multiple tissue samples through a needle.
  • Surgical biopsy involves an incision to remove part or all of the problematic lump to examine its size, shape and cell characteristics. It is more invasive than needle biopsies.

What to Expect During the Procedure:

Before the biopsy, your breast will be numbed with a local anaesthetic. For needle biopsies, the doctor uses imaging like ultrasound, MRI, or mammogram to guide the needle precisely into the concerned area. It may take multiple samples. There may be a small amount of bleeding. Surgical biopsies are done in the hospital under general anaesthesia. Recovery time is around 2-7 days.

After the Biopsy:

If cancer is found, additional tests can determine if it has spread. Don't hesitate to discuss treatment options with your breast cancer doctor. With early detection, many breast cancers today have excellent prognosis. A biopsy is a vital first step in safeguarding your breast health.